China experts' consensus on preventive and interceptive orthodontic treatments of malocclusions of children / 华西口腔医学杂志

Malocclusion is one of the three most common oral diseases reported by World Health Organization(WHO). In China, its incidence rate is rising. Malocclusion seriously affects the dental and maxillofacial function, facial appearance and growth development of nearly 260 million children in China, and what is more, it affects their physical and mental health development. Malocclusion occurrence is related to genetic and environmental factors. Early treatment of malocclusion can create a good dental and maxillofacial development environment, correct abnormal growth and control the adverse effects of abnormal genetic factors. It can effectively reduce the prevalence of children's malocclusion and enhance their physical and mental health. This is an urgent need from the economic perspective of our society, so it has great practical and social significance. Experts from the project group "standard diagnose and treatment protocols for early orthodontic intervention of malocclusions of children" which initiated by China National Health Institute of Hospital Administration wrote the "China Experts' Consensus on Preventive and Interceptive Orthodontic Treatments of Malocclusions of Children", which aims to guide and popularize the clinical practice, improve the clinical theory and practice level, and accelerate the disciplinary development of early treatment of children's malocclusion in China. The consensus elaborates the harmfulness of malocclusion and the necessity of early treatment, and brings up the principles and fundamental contents. Based on the law of dental and maxillofacial development, this paper puts forward the guiding suggestions of preventive and interceptive treatments in different stages of dental development ranging from fetus to early permanent dentition. It is a systematic project to promote and standardize the early treatment of malocclusion. Through scientific and comprehensive stratified clinical practice and professional training, the clinical system of early treatment of malocclusion in China will eventually be perfected, so as to comprehensively care for children's dental and maxillofacial health, and improve their oral and physical health in China.

Effect of Early Treadmill Exercise and Massage on Activative Factors of Muscle Satellite Cells after Acute Injury of Skeletal Muscle in Rats / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To study the effect of treadmill exercise and massage shortly after acute injury on expression of key growth factor in muscle satellite cells activation, insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) / mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) / extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK)1/2 signaling pathways in muscle satellite cell in rats. Methods:A total of 40 SPF male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into groups A (n = 8), B (n = 8), C (n = 8), D (n = 8) and E (n = 8). Group A did not receive any treatment, while the other rats were contused the gastrocnemius muscle with self-made impactor. Group B received no intervention, groups C and D received massage and treadmill exercise shortly after injury, respectively, while group E received both treadmill exercise and massage shortly after injury. As the model was established, samples of gastrocnemius were obtained from all the rats 24 hours after injury, and observed under HE staining, detected the expression of MyoD1 and MyoG mRNA with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and expression of IGF-1, p-MAPK, p-MEK and p-ERKI/2 protein with Western blotting. Results:The expression of MyoD1 mRNA was more in groups C, D and E than in group B, which was the most in group C; less expression of MyoG mRNA, which was the most in group E (P < 0.05). The expression of p-MAPK, p-MEK and p-EPK1/2 was more in groups C, D and E than in group B, which was the most in group D (P < 0.05). The expression of IGF-1 increased in group C compared with that in group B (P < 0.05), and it decreased in group D (P < 0.05). Conclusion:Early intervention of treadmill exercise and massage may promote the activation of muscle satellite cells in different ways.

Silencing of DsbA-L gene impairs the PPARγ agonist function of improving insulin resistance in a high-glucose cell model / 浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

Disulfide-bond A oxidoreductase-like protein (DsbA-L) is a molecular chaperone involved in the multimerization of adiponectin. Recent studies have found that DsbA-L is related to metabolic diseases including gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and can be regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonists; the specific mechanism, however, is uncertain. Furthermore, the relationship between DsbA-L and the novel adipokine chemerin is also unclear. This article aims to investigate the role of DsbA-L in the improvement of insulin resistance by PPARγ agonists in trophoblast cells cultured by the high-glucose simulation of GDM placenta. Immunohistochemistry and western blot were used to detect differences between GDM patients and normal pregnant women in DsbA-L expression in the adipose tissue. The western blot technique was performed to verify the relationship between PPARγ agonists and DsbA-L, and to explore changes in key molecules of the insulin signaling pathway, as well as the effect of chemerin on DsbA-L. Results showed that DsbA-L was significantly downregulated in the adipose tissue of GDM patients. Both PPARγ agonists and chemerin could upregulate the level of DsbA-L. Silencing DsbA-L affected the function of rosiglitazone to promote the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (PKB)/AKT pathway. Therefore, it is plausible to speculate that DsbA-L is essential in the environment of PPARγ agonists for raising insulin sensitivity. Overall, we further clarified the mechanism by which PPARγ agonists improve insulin resistance.

Tuina enhances the effectiveness of treadmill running in promoting recovery from acute skeletal muscle injury / 中华物理医学与康复杂志

Objective:To investigate the effects of tuina, treadmill running or both on the expression of factors related to gastrocnemius muscle proteins after acute muscle injury and to explore the mechanisms involved.Methods:Thirty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group, a natural recovery group, a tuina group, a treadmill running group and a combined treatment group, each of 6. An impactor was used to induce an acute skeletal muscle injury in the right hind legs of all of the rats except those of the control group. One day after the successful modelling, the tuina, treadmill running and combined groups were given interventions as their name implied, 5 times a week for 3 weeks. The gait of rats in each group was analyzed and the number of times the rats fell into and striken by the electrical grid was counted. The injured muscles′ cross-sectional areas (CSAs) and the diameters of muscle fibers were observed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. The expression of mTOR, p-mTOR, p70S6K, p-p70S6K and smad2/3 protein were tested using western blotting. The relative expression of myostatin (MSTN) mRNA was measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactions.Results:Compared with the natural recovery group, all the other groups fell into the electrical grid significantly less often. The average CSA and wet weight of the affected gastrocnemius had increased significantly in the tuina, treadmill running and combined treatment groups, with the average CSA increases in the treadmill running and combined treatment groups significantly greater compared with the tuina group. The average relative expression of mTOR, p-mTOR, p70S6K, and p-p70S6K in the other four groups increased significantly compared with the control group, while that of Smad2/3 and MSTN decreased significantly. Compared with the natural recovery group, the average increases in the other groups were significantly greater. Compared with the tuina group, the treadmill running and combined treatment groups showed significantly better improvements, on average.Conclusions:Tuina, treadmill running and their combination all can improve recovery from skeletal muscle trauma, at least in rats. However, treadmill running and combined treatment are more effect than tuina alone.

Correlation between the ability of pull-up and the composition of upper limbs among male college students in Guangxi / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To explore the correlation between pull-up ability and upper body composition of male college students in a college in Guangxi, and to provide scientific guidance for college students’ exercise.@*Methods@#A total of 685 male college students were randomly selected from a college in Guangxi.Pull up tests were implemented according to the national physical health test standards. Measurements of muscle mass, fat mass, fat percentage, etc. of the upper limbs were conducted by using the Ogilvy Body Composition Meter (TANITA MC-180). Data entry and analysis were performed by using SPSS 23.0.@*Results@#The pass rate of male college students in the region was 21.7%; There was a statistically significant difference in the fat mass and percentage of body fat between males with different pull-up ability (F=11.30，14.18，12.91，15.22，P<0.01).After controlling age, height, weight and BMI, partial correlation analysis showed that there was a negative correlation between the pull-up ability of male college students and the fat mass and limb fat rate of both upper limbs(r=-0.22, -0.33, -0.31, -0.38, P<0.01).@*Conclusion@#The ability of male students in Guangxi to pull up is needed to be improved. Pull-up exercises can reduce fat mass and fat percentage in the upper limbs and improve body composition.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip: A special pathology / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is one of the most common congenital disorders in childhood. Its diverse pathological changes require different treatments and result in different outcomes. Although many studies have been conducted on DDH, some special pathology is still unrecognized. We here presented a rare case of a one-year and eleven-month old girl with DDH; a half-free intra-articular osteocartilaginous tissue was found in her right hip joint. X-ray, computer assisted tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were performed to evaluate the pathological changes. MRI revealed some positive findings. The patient experienced open reduction and histopathological examination of the small tissue. Through gross anatomy it is a half-free intra-articular osteocartilaginous tissue, which can fully match a fossa observed at the femoral head. Histopathological examination found that the tissue was composed of collagenous fiber and cartilage-like tissue. Interestingly, we found the expression of type I collagen according to immunohistochemical analysis, which indicated that the cartilage-like tissue was formed due to laceration of the articular cartilage. This kind of disorder should be included as one of the pathologies of DDH. The most possible origin of this tissue is the femoral head which we speculate may have been fractured before.

VSITA, an Improved Approach of Target Amplification in the Identification of Viral Pathogens / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>Unbiased next generation sequencing (NGS) is susceptible to interference from host or environmental sequences. Consequently, background depletion and virome enrichment techniques are usually needed for clinical samples where viral load is much lower than background sequences.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A viral Sequence Independent Targeted Amplification (VSITA) approach using a set of non-ribosomal and virus-enriched octamers (V8) was developed and compared with traditionally used random hexamers (N6). Forty-five archived clinical samples of different types were used in parallel to compare the V8 and N6 enrichment performance of viral sequences and removal performance of ribosomal sequences in the step of reverse transcription followed by quantitative PCR (qPCR). Ten sera samples from patients with fever of unknown origin and 10 feces samples from patients with diarrhea of unknown origin were used in comparison of V8 and N6 enrichment performance following NGS analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A minimum 30 hexamers matching to viral reference sequences (sense and antisense) were selected from a dataset of random 4,096 (46) hexamers (N6). Two random nucleotides were added to the 5' end of the selected hexamers, and 480 (30 × 42) octamers (V8) were obtained. In general, VSITA approach showed higher enrichment of virus-targeted cDNA and enhanced ability to remove unwanted ribosomal sequences in the majorities of 45 predefined clinical samples. Moreover, VSITA combined with NGS enabled to detect not only more viruses but also achieve more viral reads hit and higher viral genome coverage in 20 clinical samples with diarrhea or fever of unknown origin.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The VSITA approach designed in this study is demonstrated to possess higher sensitivity and broader genome coverage than traditionally used random hexamers in the NGS-based identification of viral pathogens directly from clinical samples.</p>

The value of individualized contrast agent injection regimen in coronary CTA imaging based on body surface area and body weight / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To explore the effect of individualized contrast agent injection regimen on coronary artery enhancement based on body surface area (BSA) and body weight (BW).Methods Totally 300 patients with suspected coronary heart disease from January to December 2016 in our hospital were randomly divided into three groups:control group (the injection volume and flow rate were fixed),BSA adjustment group and BW adjustment group.The patients were detected by CTA,and the degree and quality of coronary artery enhancement,the amount and flow rate of contrast agent,and the safety were analyzed in the three groups.Results The coronary artery enhancement value of the BSA adjustment group and the BW adjustment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05).The coronary enhancement in the BSA adjustment group was significantly higher than that of the BW adjustment group.Moreover,the standard deviation of the BSA adjustment group was significantly lower than that of the BW adjustment group (P＜0.05).The CTA score of the BSA adjustment group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference between the BW adjustment group and BSA adjustment group or the control group (P＞0.05).The contrast agent dosage and flow rate was significantly higher in the control group than in the BSA adjustment group and BW adjustment group (P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference between the BW adjustment group and BSA adjustment group (P＞0.05).Also,there was no significant difference in safety index between the three groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion The individualized contrast agent injection program based on BSA adjustment could not only reduce the amount of coronary imaging contrast agent and flow rate,but also improve the degree and effect of coronary artery enhancement.It could be expected to become a technical means for screening,early diagnosis,and even early intervention in early coronary heart disease.

Predictive prognostic value of BRCA1 screened by whole genome expression profiling in ductal carcinoma in situ / 国际外科学杂志

Objective To investigate the role of the predictive prognostic value of BRCA1 screened by whole genome expression profiling in ductal carcinoma in situ.Methods Collected 4 cases of breast ductal carcinoma and 4 cases of breast invasive ductal carcinoma fresh samples from January 2014 to June 2014,and the difference of BRCA1 expression on whole genone expression profiling was analyzed by microarray comparative genomic hybridization.The expression of BRCA1 was detected by immunohistochemistry in 70 cases of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast,and the prognosis of intraductal carcinoma was evaluated.Results BRCA1 gene differentially expressed in invasive ductal carcinoma and ductal carcinoma in situ by screening.The positive rate of BRCA1 protein in breast ductal carcinoma in 14.3％ (10/70),its expression had no significant relationship with age (P =0.959),menopause (P =0.959),tumor size (P =0.627),axillary lymph node status (P =1.000),HR status (P =0.958),HER-2 status (P =1.000),P53 expression (P =0.460).ductal carcinoma with micro-infiltration ratio in BRCA1 negative group was higher than BRCA1-positive group (P =0.043).The median follow-up of 47 months,Disease-free survival rate of all was 97.1％.Disease-free survival of BRCA1 negative group and BRCA1-positive group had no significant difference (96.7％ vs 100％,P =0.569),over all survival of BRCA1 negative and positive groups was 100％.Conclusions BRCA1 expression may not predict the prognosis of intraductal carcinoma,but ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvasion group ratio in BRCA1 negative was higher than ductal carcinoma in situ group,BRCA1 may take affect within ductal carcinoma infiltration process work.

Emodin prevents intima thickness via Wnt4/Dvl-1/beta-catenin signaling pathway mediated by miR-126 in balloon-injured carotid artery rats

Neointimal proliferation after vascular injury is a key mechanism of restenosis, a major cause of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty failure and artery bypass occlusion. Emodin, an anthraquinone with multiple physiological activities, has been reported to inhibit proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) that might cause intimal arterial thickening. Thus, in this study, we established a rat model of balloon-injured carotid artery and investigated the therapeutic effect of emodin and its underlying mechanism. Intimal thickness was analyzed by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Expression of Wnt4, dvl-1, beta-catenin and collagen was determined by immunohistochemistry and/or western blotting. The proliferation of VSMC was evaluated by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay and electron microscopy. MicroRNA levels were quantified by real-time quantitative PCR. Emodin relieved injury-induced artery intimal thickness. Results of western blots and immunohistochemistry showed that emodin suppressed expression of signaling molecules Wnt4/Dvl-1/beta-catenin as well as collagen protein in the injured artery. In addition, emodin enhanced expression of an artery injury-related microRNA, miR-126. In vitro, MTT assay showed that emodin suppressed angiotensin II (AngII)-induced proliferation of VSMCs. Emodin reversed AngII-induced activation of Wnt4/Dvl-1/beta-catenin signaling by increasing expression of miR-126 that was strongly supported by transfection of mimic or inhibitor for miR-126. Emodin prevents intimal thickening via Wnt4/Dvl-1/beta-catenin signaling pathway mediated by miR-126 in balloon-injured carotid artery of rats.

Up-regulated expression of Tim-3/Gal-9 at maternal-fetal interface in pregnant woman with recurrent spontaneous abortion / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The relationship between T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain protein 3 (Tim-3)/Galectin (Gal)-9 pathway and recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) was studied. Thirty-one pregnant women with RSA and 27 normal early gravidas were investigated to detect the levels of Tim-3 and Gal-9 in villi and deciduas by Western blotting. Meanwhile, the concentration of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-12 in peripheral blood plasma was determined by ELISA in 25 healthy fertile non-pregnant controls, the normal early gravidas and pregnant women with RSA mentioned above, respectively. It was found that the relative expression levels of Tim-3 and Gal-9 in villi and deciduas were significantly increased in pregnant women with RSA as compared with those in the normal early gravidas. The concentration of IL-4 in peripheral blood plasma of pregnant women with RSA was lower than that of the normal early gravidas (P<0.05) and healthy fertile non-pregnant controls (P<0.05), but that of IL-2 in pregnant women with RSA was significantly higher than that of the normal early gravidas (P<0.05) and healthy fertile non-pregnant controls (P<0.05). It was suggested that the overexpression of Tim-3/Gal-9 pathway may be related to the pathogenesis of RSA.

Up-regulated expression of Tim-3/Gal-9 at maternal-fetal interface in pregnant woman with recurrent spontaneous abortion / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The relationship between T cell immunoglobulin domain and mucin domain protein 3 (Tim-3)/Galectin (Gal)-9 pathway and recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) was studied. Thirty-one pregnant women with RSA and 27 normal early gravidas were investigated to detect the levels of Tim-3 and Gal-9 in villi and deciduas by Western blotting. Meanwhile, the concentration of interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-12 in peripheral blood plasma was determined by ELISA in 25 healthy fertile non-pregnant controls, the normal early gravidas and pregnant women with RSA mentioned above, respectively. It was found that the relative expression levels of Tim-3 and Gal-9 in villi and deciduas were significantly increased in pregnant women with RSA as compared with those in the normal early gravidas. The concentration of IL-4 in peripheral blood plasma of pregnant women with RSA was lower than that of the normal early gravidas (P<0.05) and healthy fertile non-pregnant controls (P<0.05), but that of IL-2 in pregnant women with RSA was significantly higher than that of the normal early gravidas (P<0.05) and healthy fertile non-pregnant controls (P<0.05). It was suggested that the overexpression of Tim-3/Gal-9 pathway may be related to the pathogenesis of RSA.

Expression of serum FSTL-1 in bone metastasis of prostate cancer and its clinical implication / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the expression of follistatin-like protein 1 (FSTL-1) in bone metastasis of prostate cancer (BMPC), the correlation of serum FSTL-1 with the chronic inflammatory factor interleukin-6 (IL-6) and bone morphogenetic protein 6 (BMP6) , and the clinical application value of serum FSTL-1 in BMPC.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using ELISA, we measured the expression levels of serum FSTL-1, IL-6, and BMP6 in 35 patients with BMPC and another 30 with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and performed correlation analysis on the data obtained.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the BPH controls, the BMPC patients showed a significantly decreased expression of serum FSTL-1 ([34.45 ± 12.35] μg/L vs [20.23 ± 8.69] μg/L, P < 0.01) and increased levels of IL-6 ([11.21 ± 8.62] μg/L vs [23.56 ± 20.12] μg/L, P < 0.05) and BMP6 ([293.50 ± 39.72] μg/L vs [428.30 ± 178.40] μg/L, P < 0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between the level of serum FSTL-1 and those of IL-6 and BMP6 in the BMPC patients, with correlation coefficients of -0.971 and -0.972, respectively (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The expression of serum FSTL-1 decreases in patients with bone metastasis of prostate cancer, and it is correlated with the levels of inflammatory factor and cell transformation factor. This finding offers a novel biological marker for the development and progression of prostate cancer as well as a new biological target factor for its intervention.</p>

Effect of tetramethylpyrazine on the proliferation and collagen synthesis of vascular smooth muscle cells / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the action mechanism of tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) on the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), thus providing experimental evidence for Chinese medicine to effectively prevent restenosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Rats' thoracic aorta VSMCs in vitro cultured (cell line A7r5) were divided into five groups, i.e., the negative control group, the angiotensin II (Ang II, 10(-6) mol/L) group, the low dose TMP (20 micromol/L) plus Ang II group, the middle dose TMP (40 micromol/L) plus Ang II group, the high dose TMP (80 micromol/L) plus Ang II group. The proliferation ratio was detected by MTT. Gene and protein expressions of Wnt4, Dvl-1, beta-catenin, CyclinD1, and collagen I and III were detected with real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR and Western blot respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared with the negative control group, the proliferation ratio of VSMCs obviously increased in the Ang II group (P < 0.05). Compared with the Ang II group, the proliferation ratio of VSMCs obviously decreased in the middle dose TMP plus Ang II group and the high dose TMP plus Ang II group (P < 0.05). Compared with the negative control group, gene and protein expressions of Wnt4, Dvl-1, beta-catenin, CyclinD1, Col I, and Col III were obviously up-regulated in the Ang II group (P < 0.05). Compared with the Ang II group, mRNA and protein expressions of Wnt4, Dvl-1, beta-catenin, CyclinD1, Col I, and Col III were obviously down-regulated in the middle dose TMP plus Ang II group and the high dose TMP plus Ang II group (P < 0.05). The aforesaid indices were dose-dependent in the low, middle, and high dose TMP plus Ang II groups.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>TMP inhibited Ang II induced proliferation and collagen secretion of VSMCs through down-regulating Wnt signal pathway.</p>

The comparison of two newborn cytomegalovirus IgG antibody screening ELISA kits / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>This study compared two newborn Cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG antibody screening ELISA kits and evaluated the detection effectiveness of Abnova kit.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>CMV IgG antibodies were detected by both SeraQuest and Abnova kits from dried blood spot (DBS) samples of 488 newborn heel sticks. The detection abilities of these two kits were compared in different sample dilution concentrations. Relative detection effectiveness of the Abnova kit was defined by statistical method using the SeraQuest kit as a point of comparison.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>Compared to the SeraQuest screening test kit, the Abnova kit revealed a sensitivity of 98.9%, specificity of 78.6%, positive predictive value of 99.3%, negative predictive value of 68.8%, and the coincidence rate for these two screening test kits at 98.3%. The consistency check of both kits based on interpretation of the kappa statistic was relatively good. For the Abnova kit, the "area under the ROC curve" was 0.887, which indicates moderate accuracy.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Abnova kit can be applied to newborn screening for congenital CMV infections. However, repeating the test for ambiguous results is suggested to increase the specificity and negative predictive value.</p>

The progress of congenital cytomegalovirus infection and detection methods / 病毒学报

Cytomegalovirus infection is extremely common in the population, especially for newborns. Congenital CMV infection may cause central nervous system damage and other related diseases, thus potentially harmful. At home and abroad, some related research had been carried out on the incidence of disease, and a variety of detection methods had been developed. In this paper, the current situation of congenital cytomegalovirus infection and detection method is reviewed.

Predictive value of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide in combination with the sequential organ failure assessment score in sepsis / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>The prognostic power of n-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in sepsis is disputable and unstable among different models. We attempt to evaluate the prognostic potential of NT-proBNP in combination with the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score in sepsis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this retrospective study, 100 consecutive sepsis patients were enrolled. Clinical data such as admission SOFA, the Acute Physiologic and Chronic Health Evaluation score, shock prevalence, use of lung protective ventilation, vasopressors, and glucocorticoids were recorded. Additionally, serum creatinine (Scr1 and Scr3) and NT-proBNP (NT-proBNP1 and NT-proBNP3) were assayed and evaluated at admission and on day 3 respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>DNT-proBNP (NT-proBNP3 minus NT-proBNP1) (P < 0.001, Hazard ratio (HR) = 1.245, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.137 - 1.362) and admission SOFA (P < 0.001, HR = 1.197, 95%CI, 1.106 - 1.295) were independently related to in-hospital mortality. Their combination was a more robust predictor for in-hospital mortality than either of them individually. Patients with high DNT-proBNP and SOFA had the poorest prognosis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>In our study, both DNT-proBNP and SOFA were independent predictors of septic patients' prognosis. Moreover, the combination of DNT-proBNP and admission SOFA provided a novel strategy that contained information regarding both the response to treatment and sepsis severity.</p>

Relationship between endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition and cardiac fibrosis in acute viral myocarditis / 浙江大学学报·医学版

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the relationship between endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) and myocardial fibrosis in acute viral myocarditis (VMC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty-eight Balb/c mice were randomized into 3 groups: control group (n=8), VMC group(n=10) and intervention group(n=10). Mice in VMC and intervention groups were injected intraperitoneally(i.p) with single dose of coxsackievirus B3, mice in control group were injected with equal amount of viral-free vehicle. In the following day, mice in control and VMC groups were injected i.p with 0.1 ml of saline and intervention group with 0.1 ml of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 7(rh-BMP7) at a concentration of 300 μg/kg. The mice hearts were harvested after 7 d, cardiac collagen volume fraction (CVF) was calculated on picrosirius red-stained sections. mRNA and protein expression of TGF-β1, CD31, VE-cadherin, fibroblast special protein 1 (FSP-1) and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen 1α1 in myocardiac tissues were detected by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Compared to controls, overt fibrosis was presented in necrotic area of myocardium in VMC group. Meanwhile, marked increase of TGF-β1 expression accompanied with EndMT characterized by loss of endothelial phenotype (decreased expression of CD31 and VE-cadherin), gain of mesenchymal proteins (overexpression of FSP-1 and α-SMA) and increased synthesis of collagen was also demonstrated. Both EndMT and cardiac fibrosis were simultaneously reversed by TGF-β1 inhibition.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EndMT is involved in cardiac fibrosis in acute viral myocarditis, TGF-β1 might be a main mediator.</p>

Retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy in the treatment of renal cancer / 中华肿瘤杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the safety and efficacy of retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy in the treatment of renal cancer.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The clinical data of 53 cases who underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy were analyzed retrospectively.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fifty-two cases achieved successful retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy, a conversion to open surgery was required in one case because of severe adhesion. The operation time was 75 min to 220 min (mean, 125 min), the blood loss was 50 ml to 420 ml (mean, 120 ml), and the postoperative hospital stay was 6 d to 12 d. Complications occurred in 4 cases. Pathological examination showed that 47 cases were of renal clear cell carcinoma, 5 of chromophobe carcinoma, and 1 of cystic renal cell carcinoma. Follow-up for 1 month to 5 years showed no tumor recurrence and metastasis.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy is a safe and effective treatment for patients with stage T1 - 2N0M0 renal cell carcinoma.</p>

Effect of thyroid hormone level on the expression of synaptotagmin Ⅰ in adult rat hippocampus / 中国地方病学杂志

Objective To observe the effect of different thyroid hormone level on the expression of synaptotagmin Ⅰ(Syt Ⅰ) in adult rat hippocampus. Methods All 28 adult male SD rats were assigned randomly into hypothyroid, hyperthyroid and control group, hypothyroid group was established by daily intraperitoneal injections with propylthiou raci(PTU, 10.0 mg/kg body weight) for 6 weeks and hyperthyroid group with L-Thyroxine (L-T4, 0.5 mg/kg body weight) for 3 weeks. Radioimmunity method was used to assay the levels of serum T3 and T4, immunohistochemical S-P technology to assay the levels of Syt Ⅰ protein in hippoeampus CA1, CA3 and dentate gyrus (DG). The layers analyzed in the different subfields include the polymorphic cell layer(the stratum oriens, SO), pyramidal cell layer(PCL), stratum radiatum (SR), lacunosum-molecular layer (SLM) in CA1 and CA3, granular cell layer(GL) and molecular layer(ML) in DG. Results The levels of serum T3 and T4[(0.34±0.12), (41.03± 11.37)nmol/L]in the hypothyroid rats were significantly lower than those in the control group[(0.65±0.15), (55.20±10.68)nmol/L, P < 0.01 or < 0.05], and the positive granule of Syt Ⅰ was significantly lower in PCL and SR of CA1 and CA3, GL of DG. The average optical value responsible for Syt Ⅰ immunoreactivity was obviously reduced in SO(0.048±0.007), PCL(0.299±0.035), SR(0.042±0.007), SLM(0.038±0.006) of CA1, PCL(0.085± 0.019), SR(0.040±0.011), SLM (0.038±0.006) of CA3, GL (0.076±0.019) of DG than normal controls (0.068± 0.014, 0.376±0.053, 0.053±0.008,0.056±0.009,0.118±0.026,0.052±0.010,0.053±0.009,0.099±0.015; P< 0.01 or < 0.05). Serum T3 and T4 levels [(1.43±0.30), (157.18±19.95)nmol/L]of hyperthyroid rats were significantly higher than those of control group(P < 0.01). The value was reduced in PCL(0.322±0.050), SR(0.039±0.006), SLM (0.042±0.006) of CA1, PCL(0.098±0.034), SR(0.046±0.013), SLM(0.046±0.010) of CA3 and GL(0.085± 0.024), ML (0.042±0.009) of DG (P < 0.05 or < 0.01). Conclusion Adult-onset of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can reversibly decrease the expression of Syt Ⅰ in CA1, CA3 and DG regions of hippocampus.